Extraction is the removal of tooth/teeth to eliminate the source of pain &/or infection, to allow for proper healing and future replacement.

Wisdom teeth can be problematic if not erupted in a functional and cleansable position. Late removal of wisdom teeth carries higher risks of damage to surrounding bone, teeth, sinuses and nerves. In rare instances, impacted wisdom teeth may cause cysts or tumors that can be destructive to the jaws. Wisdom teeth are best assessed between the ages of 15 and 25 years old, to determine if they should be monitored or removed to prevent future complications.

If a dental implant is planned to be placed after tooth removal, then at the time of extraction, the socket left after the tooth removal is filled with bone graft material to preserve the bone volume of the jaw ridge, which reduces the chances of bone deficiency after healing.

Adequate width & height of the jaw bone ridge is necessary to accommodate the proper size of implant to bear the designed tooth/teeth replacement. Jaw bone ridges that lack the width &/or height can be reconstructed with different techniques of bone graft.

In many cases, the intravenous administration of a sedative may be indicated to control anxiety, gagging and the elevation of blood pressure & heart rate. IV Sedation puts the patient into a semiconscious state to facilitate access and cooperation during surgery, and reduce memory recall of the surgical events.

Problematic wisdom teeth that present proximity to the adjacent nerve can be managed with Coronectomy to reduce the risk of nerve injury during surgery. Coronectomy involves removal of the crown of the wisdom tooth to eliminate the problematic communication with the oral cavity, while leaving the root(s) close to the nerve undisturbed. The remaining root(s) may then migrate away from the nerve later, and require a second surgery to be removed with less risk of nerve injury.

Implants are Titanium inserts into the jaw bone, to establish attachment points for dental replacements like crowns, bridges and overdentures. Dental implants require sufficient bone volume and width of firm gums around them to increase the chances of long term success.

The maxillary sinuses are hollow spaces in the bone of the upper jaw. They grow bigger with age and faster with loss of upper back teeth. Enlargement of sinuses reduces the available depth of bone for implant placement. This can be reversed by surgically lifting the sinus floor, and addition of bone graft material to restore adequate depth of bone for future implant placement.